07468nam a22001817a 450000500170000000800410001702000180005804100080007608200150008410000200009924500200011926000460013930000080018536500190019352070350021265000210724770000180726820240226155924.0240223b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d a9780801972329 aeng a745.5bFIN aFinegold Rupert aSilver Smithing aUnited KingdombKrause Publicationsc1983 a460 b2520.00cRs.00 aONE: INTRODUCTION TO SILVERSMITHING 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METALWORK Basic Exercises Experiment A: Hammering with a flat, circular-faced hammer Experiment B: Hammering with a convex, circular-faced hammer. Experiment C: Hammering the central portion only Experiment D: Hammering along the length with a rectangular faced hammer Experiment E: Hammering along the width with a rectangular faced hammer Hammers Metal in Uneven States of Compression Loose center 7 Tight center A Metalworking Vocabulary 2 PROPERTIES OF METALS Silver Gold Copper Copper Alloys Brass Bronze Copper alloys as substitutes for silver Metal/Nonmetal Combinations 3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Measuring and Marking Tools Holding Tools Cutting Tools Shaping Tools Equipment Electrical Tools Supplies 4 CUSTOM-MAKING TOOLS Working Tool Steel Forging and shaping Hardening steel Tempering steel Bending a mandrel Tools to Make or to Alter Chasing tools Emery wheel Making a lead pickle container Making soldering clamps Wire-bending jigs Mounting a stake in a log TWO: BASIC TREATMENTS 5 ANNEALING Fluxing the Work Types of flux Procedures The heat source Judging annealing temperatures Quenching 6 SOLDERING Equipment Heat sources Solder Flux Yellow ochre Other soldering equipment Soldering Step by Step Step 1: Good fit Step 2: Clean metal Step 3: Burning down Step 4: Supporting the work and raising stitches. Step 5: Adjusting the torch. Step 6: Preparing the solder. Step 7: Soldering Common Soldering Situations Seaming Two flat pieces Thin and heavy pieces Base and bowl Wire ring and bowl 7 PICKLING Making the Pickle Containers and Supplies Pickling Step by Step 8 USING ABRASIVES Aluminum Oxide Abrasive Cloth Pumice Scotch Stone 9 POLISHING Equipment Buffs Polishing Step by Step Step 1: Sandbuffing Step 2: Buffing with tripoli Step 3: Using white diamond compound Step 4: Polishing with rouge An Alternative Polishing Procedure Step 1: Using a Bright Boy wheel Step 2: Bobbing Step 3: Using red tripoli Step 4: Polishing with white diamond Matte Finish 10 CHASING AND OTHER SURFACE TREATMENTS Chasing Peparing and using a pitch bowl Chasing the surface Removing the pitch Other Surface Treatments Engraving Etching Oxidation and coloring RepousseĢ THREE: BASIC TOOLS AND THEIR USE 11 CUTTING STOCK The Jeweler's Saw Blade selection and uses Accessories Sawing stock Aviation Snips 12 FILING Types of Files Recommended Swiss-pattern files General Principles of Filing Straight filing Draw filing Filing a flat surface Filing a round form Precision filing Care of Files 13 HAMMERS Seventeen Basic Hammers Alterations to Hammer Faces The planishing hammer The raising hammer The wooden mallet The wooden raising hammer The Bakelite hammer Hammer Handles 14 STAKES, ANVIL HEADS, AND THE SNARLING IRON Stakes and Anvil Heads Hammerheads as anvil heads The Snarling Iron FOUR: GENERAL PROCEDURES 15 WORKING POSITIONS Hammering Raising Planishing Sawing 16 DESIGN, WORKING DRAWINGS, AND TEMPLATES Form and Function Making Working Drawings Materials Ellipses and ovals Conical projections Accurate Transfer of Drawing to Metal Templates Making a copper or cardboard template Using a steel-spline template Adjustable bevel gauge 17 SIZING A METAL BLANK Raising Normal proportions Shallow proportions Tall proportions Oval objects Free-form objects A thickened edge Sinking Normal sinking Shallow sinking Forging Stretching 18 STAMPING THE WORK Handwrought vs. Handmade Identifying Marks 19 REGULATING AND TRUING Regulating Truing Raising low spots Reducing high spots 20 PLANISHING AND BOUGING The Hammers Stakes and Anvil Heads The Planishing Operation Polishing Restoring planishing marks Bouging 21 REPAIRING WORK IN PROCESS Cracks Dents FIVE: SPECIAL PROCEDURES 22 CURVING FLAT WIRE FOR GENERAL USE 23 MAKING A WIRE RIM FOR A BOWL 24 WIRING A ROUND RIM 25 WIRING AN IRREGULAR RIM 26 THICKENING AN EDGE 27 MAKING A BASE WITH FLAT WIRE 28 MAKING A BASE BY RAISING WITH CRIMPING 29 SEAMING Cutting and Forming Soldering Finishing Applying a Base Completing the Creamer 30 CASTING Lost-Wax Casting Making the model Casting the model Casting duplicates Sandcasting Cuttlefish Casting 31 TAPS AND DIES Equipment Twist drills Taps and dies General Procedure Cutting external threads Cutting internal threads 32 MAKING A SPOUT 33 MAKING FERRULES Making a Simple Ferrule Making a Curved and Tapered Ferrule Adding Two Ferrules to a Coffeepot or Teapot 34 PINNING A HANDLE 35 MAKING HINGES Parts and Materials Recessed Hinge with Lid Stop Sizing and cutting knuckles Soldering knuckles to box and lid separately One-step soldering: an advanced technique Silversmith's Hinge with Bearers Under-the-Edge Hinge Book Hinge Recessed Hinges: With and Without Removable Pins SIX: PROJECTS 36 SINKING A BOWL Preparing the Silver and Wood Block Sinking Regulating Bouging and Planishing Finishing the Bowl Using a Dapping Die 37 SINKING A PLATE AND A TRAY Equipment Needed Making a Plate Sinking the bouge Correcting tensions in the first sinking Second and subsequent sinkings Final corrections Making a Tray Preparing the metal Sinking the bouge Correcting tensions Final corrections Wiring the rim Finishing the tray 38 MAKING A BOWL BY RAISING WITH CRIMPING Crimping Preparing the silver Dividing the blank Crimping the silver Raising Hammer positions Position of the hammer in relation to the stake The first raising Second and subsequent raisings Setting the bottom Raising Various Curves and Angles Outward curves Compound curves: angle raising Small objects Corrective procedures 39 MAKING A BOWL BY RAISING WITHOUT CRIMPING Preparing the Silver Raising Trapping a wrinkle The second through ninth raisings Correcting and Planishing Adding a Base Finishing the Bowl 40 RAISING A CREAMER WITH SELF-SPOUT Preliminary Steps Raising at the Spout Level Finishing the Creamer 41 CONSTRUCTING A BOX Preparing the Silver Scoring the blank Cutting and filing corners Bending and Soldering the Sides Leveling the Box Making the Lid Making and Soldering the Bezel 42 FORGING FLATWARE Forging Heavy-Gauge Metal Tools and materials Design considerations Placing the hammerblows Correcting warping or misalignment Using templates Forging a Spoon Forging a Fork Casting a Knife Fastening a blade Casting a spoon or fork in sections 43 FORGING A PUNCHBOWL LADLE The first Forging Sinking the Bowl Raising and Forging Final Shaping and Corrections 44 STRETCHING A GRAVY BOAT The Hammering Process Preparing the silver The first stretching The second stretching Alternating forgings and stretchings Raising the form Adding a Rim, Base, and Handle Gallery of Handwrought Silver APPENDIX Metal Wire and Sheet Silver Tools and Supplies Weights and Measures A METALWORKING GLOSSARY  aJewellery Making aSeitz William